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What evidence suggests a relationship between sodium or sodium chloride intake and blood pressure in hypertensive adults?Conclusion
In 15 studies of hypertensive adults,* a lower sodium or sodium chloride intake was associated with significantly lower blood pressure (BP) (-1.3mmHg to -16.8mmHg SBP; -1.9mmHg to -10.7mmHg DBP). Factors that affect this relationship included dietary pattern, race, ethnicity and age of subjects. In studies comparing blood pressure response to varying levels of sodium or sodium chloride intake, lowered blood pressures were noted with reduction in sodium intakes from (120mmol to 350mmol to 30mmol to 330mmol). A greater BP-lowering response was observed in the following groups: Those consuming a low-sodium diet with their usual dietary pattern vs. a DASH dietary pattern in black subjects and in older subjects. * Definition of hypertension varied by study, country or version of JNC report. See Table: Sodium and Blood Pressure Response Grade I
Overall strength of the available supporting evidence: Grade I - good; Grade II - fair; Grade III - limited; Grade IV - expert opinion; Grade V: not assignable
For additional information regarding how to interpret grades, click here. Date of Literature Review for the Evidence Analysis: July 2009
Evidence Summaries
What is the evidence that supports this conclusion? For more information, click on the Evidence Summary link below.
 Sodium Intake and Blood Pressure in Hypertensive AdultsSearch Plan and Results
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